The weight of one gallon of transformer mineral oil typically depends on the specific type and density of the oil, but on average:
Mineral oil has a density of around 0.88 to 0.90 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).
Since 1 gallon is approximately 3.785 liters, the weight of one gallon of transformer mineral oil is typically around:
7.3 to 7.5 pounds per gallon (lbs/gal) or about 3.3 to 3.4 kilograms per gallon (kg/gal).
Transformer mineral oil is a type of insulating oil used in electrical transformers and other electrical equipment to provide insulation, cooling, and protection against electrical faults. It is a highly refined, purified petroleum-based oil that is non-conductive and has excellent dielectric properties.
Key Functions of Transformer Mineral Oil:
1. Insulation: It helps to insulate electrical components within the transformer to prevent short circuits or electrical arcing.
2. Cooling: The oil absorbs the heat generated by the electrical components and dissipates it, preventing the transformer from overheating.
3. Protection: It provides a protective barrier against moisture and contaminants that could affect the performance of the transformer.
Characteristics:
Low viscosity: This allows it to circulate efficiently and provide good cooling.
High dielectric strength: This prevents electrical breakdown, allowing transformers to operate safely at high voltages.
Thermal stability: It can operate effectively over a wide range of temperatures without breaking down.
Chemical stability: It resists oxidation and degradation, maintaining its properties over time.
Usage:
Electrical transformers: Commonly used in power distribution systems.
Capacitors and circuit breakers: Also used in other electrical devices to insulate and cool.
Hydraulic systems: In some industrial applications.
The oil is typically tested for properties like dielectric strength, viscosity, and acidity to ensure that it meets the necessary standards for transformer operation. When the oil deteriorates or becomes contaminated, it may need to be replaced or filtered to maintain the transformer’s efficiency and safety.