The empirical formula of a compound represents the simplest whole-number ratio of the elements in the compound. For C₂H₆ (ethane), follow these steps:
- Write the molecular formula: The molecular formula of ethane is C₂H₆, meaning it contains:
- 2 carbon (C) atoms
- 6 hydrogen (H) atoms.
- Simplify the ratio:
- Divide the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms by their greatest common divisor (GCD).
The GCD of 2 and 6 is 2.
Simplify: - Carbon: 2/2=1
- Hydrogen: 6/2=3
- Divide the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms by their greatest common divisor (GCD).
- Resulting empirical formula: The simplest ratio of C to H is 1:3, so the empirical formula is CH₃.
Thus:
The empirical formula for C₂H₆ is CH₃. This shows the basic ratio of carbon to hydrogen atoms in the compound.