What is the difference between a Newton and a gram?

A Newton (N) and a gram (g) are units used to measure different physical quantities, and they are not directly interchangeable:

1. Newton (N):
   • A Newton is a unit of force in the International System of Units (SI).
   • It measures the force required to accelerate a mass of 1 kilogram at a rate of 1 meter per second squared (1 N=1 kg\cdotpm/s2. 
   • Example: When gravity acts on an object, the weight (a force) is measured in Newtons. On Earth, a mass of 1 kg experiences a force of approximately 9.8 N due to gravity.
2. Gram (g):
   • A gram is a unit of mass in the metric system, equal to one-thousandth of a kilogram.
   • It measures the amount of matter in an object, independent of gravitational force.
   • Example: A coin might weigh 5 grams.

In summary, Newton measures force, while gram measures mass.