The chemical compound NiS is a binary compound composed of the elements nickel (Ni) and sulfur (S). The name of this compound is nickel(II) sulfide. Let’s break down its naming process and chemical characteristics for a clearer understanding.
Naming NiS: Binary Ionic Compound Rules
NiS is classified as a binary ionic compound, as it consists of a metal (nickel) and a non-metal (sulfur). The naming follows standard rules for ionic compounds:
- Name the metal first:
- The name of the metallic element, nickel, is written without any change.
- Determine the oxidation state of the metal:
- Nickel is a transition metal, which means it can exhibit multiple oxidation states. In NiS, nickel has a +2 oxidation state. This is because sulfur typically has a charge of -2 in compounds, and the charges must balance to make the compound neutral.
- Indicate the oxidation state of the metal (if necessary):
- Since nickel can have different oxidation states, the oxidation state is specified using Roman numerals in parentheses after the metal’s name. In this case, nickel’s oxidation state is +2, so we write nickel(II).
- Name the non-metal with a suffix:
- The non-metal, sulfur, is named by replacing its ending with “-ide.” Thus, sulfur becomes sulfide.
Combining these, the name of NiS is nickel(II) sulfide.
Properties of Nickel(II) Sulfide
- Chemical Formula: NiS
- Appearance: Nickel(II) sulfide is usually a black or brown solid.
- Structure: NiS commonly crystallizes in different polymorphic forms, such as hexagonal or rhombohedral structures, depending on how the ions are arranged.
Uses of Nickel(II) Sulfide
Nickel(II) sulfide has several applications, particularly in:
- Metallurgy: Used as an intermediate in the extraction and refining of nickel metal.
- Catalysis: It is employed as a catalyst in certain chemical reactions.
- Research: NiS is studied for its properties in materials science and solid-state physics.
The compound NiS is named nickel(II) sulfide, reflecting its composition of nickel and sulfur with nickel in the +2 oxidation state. Understanding its name and properties provides insights into its chemical behavior and various industrial uses.
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