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Top Angular Interview Questions and Answers (2024)

Preparing for an Angular interview in 2024 requires a solid grasp of both fundamental and advanced concepts. Below is a curated list of essential Angular interview questions along with concise answers to help you succeed:

1. What is Angular, and how does it differ from AngularJS?

Angular is a TypeScript-based open-source front-end web application framework developed by Google. It’s a complete rewrite of AngularJS, introducing features like a component-based architecture, improved performance with Ahead-of-Time (AOT) compilation, and enhanced dependency injection.

2. Explain the component-based architecture of Angular.

In Angular, applications are built using components, which are the fundamental building blocks. Each component encapsulates its own logic, template, and styles, promoting reusability and maintainability. Components interact with each other to form the application’s user interface.

3. What are Angular modules, and why are they important?

Angular modules, defined using the @NgModule decorator, group related components, directives, pipes, and services. They help organize an application into cohesive blocks, making it easier to manage and scale. Modules can be imported and exported to share functionality across different parts of an application.

4. Describe the purpose of Angular CLI and its benefits.

The Angular Command Line Interface (CLI) is a powerful tool that simplifies the development process by automating tasks like project setup, scaffolding components, and running tests. It ensures a consistent project structure and streamlines development workflows.

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5. What is data binding in Angular, and what are its types?

Data binding in Angular is a mechanism to synchronize data between the model and the view. The main types are:

Interpolation: Binding data from the component to the view using {{ }} syntax.

Property Binding: Binding component properties to DOM properties using [ ] syntax.

Event Binding: Binding events from the view to methods in the component using ( ) syntax.

Two-way Binding: Combines property and event binding using [( )] syntax, allowing for synchronization between the model and the view.

6. Explain dependency injection in Angular?

Dependency Injection (DI) is a design pattern used in Angular to provide components with their dependencies rather than having them create their own. This promotes modularity, testability, and maintainability by allowing components to focus on their core functionality.

7. What are Angular directives, and what are their types?

Directives are classes that add behavior to elements in Angular applications. The main types are:

Components: Directives with a template.

Structural Directives: Alter the DOM layout by adding or removing elements (e.g., *ngIf, *ngFor).

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Attribute Directives: Change the appearance or behavior of an element (e.g., ngClass, ngStyle).

8. What is Angular routing, and how is it implemented?

Angular routing enables navigation between different views or components within a single-page application. It’s implemented by defining routes in a routing module, associating paths with components, and using the <router-outlet> directive to display the routed components.

9. Describe the lifecycle hooks in Angular components?

Angular provides lifecycle hooks that allow developers to tap into key events in a component’s lifecycle:

ngOnChanges(): Called when an input property changes.

ngOnInit(): Called once after the first ngOnChanges().

ngDoCheck(): Called during every change detection run.

ngAfterContentInit(): Called after content projection is initialized.

ngAfterContentChecked(): Called after every check of projected content.

ngAfterViewInit(): Called after a component’s views are initialized.

ngAfterViewChecked(): Called after every check of a component’s views.

ngOnDestroy(): Called just before the component is destroyed.

10. What is the Angular Ivy renderer?

Ivy is Angular’s next-generation rendering engine, introduced to improve performance and reduce bundle sizes. It offers faster compilation, better debugging, and enhanced type-checking capabilities, making applications more efficient.

11. Explain the concept of lazy loading in Angular?

Lazy loading is a technique that delays the loading of feature modules until they’re needed, reducing the initial load time of an application. It’s implemented by configuring routes to load modules dynamically using the loadChildren property.

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12. What are Angular services, and how are they used?

Services in Angular are singleton objects that encapsulate reusable logic, such as data fetching or business rules. They are typically injected into components or other services using Angular’s dependency injection system, promoting code reusability and separation of concerns.

13. How does Angular handle forms, and what are the two approaches?

Angular provides two approaches for handling forms:

Template-driven forms: Use directives in the template to create and manage forms. They are simple to use but less scalable for complex scenarios.

Reactive forms: Use a model-driven approach, allowing for m

ore control and flexibility, especially suitable for complex forms with dynamic validation.

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