Software design patterns are reusable solutions to common software design problems. They help streamline development, improve code readability, and promote scalability. Patterns are categorized into three types:
- Creational Patterns: Deal with object creation (e.g., Singleton, Factory, Builder).
- Structural Patterns: Focus on class and object composition (e.g., Adapter, Composite, Decorator).
- Behavioral Patterns: Handle object interaction and responsibility (e.g., Observer, Strategy, Command).
Each pattern includes a problem, solution, and benefits. For example, the Singleton ensures a single instance of a class globally. Understanding and implementing design patterns fosters best practices, reduces redundancy, and ensures maintainable software architecture.