Java Logical Operators With Examples

Java logical operators are used to perform logical operations on boolean expressions or variables. These operators evaluate two or more conditions and return a boolean result (true or false).

Logical Operators in Java

Examples of Logical Operators

1. Logical AND (&&)

public class LogicalOperators {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10, b = 20, c = 30;

        // Using Logical AND
        if (a < b && b < c) {
            System.out.println("Both conditions are true");
        } else {
            System.out.println("One or both conditions are false");
        }
    }
}

Output:
Both conditions are true

2. Logical OR (||)

public class LogicalOperators {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10, b = 20;

        // Using Logical OR
        if (a > b || a < b) {
            System.out.println("At least one condition is true");
        } else {
            System.out.println("Both conditions are false");
        }
    }
}

Output:
At least one condition is true

3. Logical NOT (!)

public class LogicalOperators {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        boolean isAvailable = false;

        // Using Logical NOT
        if (!isAvailable) {
            System.out.println("The condition is false");
        }
    }
}

Output:
The condition is false

4. Logical XOR (^)

public class LogicalOperators {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        boolean condition1 = true;
        boolean condition2 = false;

        // Using Logical XOR
        if (condition1 ^ condition2) {
            System.out.println("One condition is true and the other is false");
        } else {
            System.out.println("Both conditions are either true or false");
        }
    }
}

Output:
One condition is true and the other is false

5. Bitwise AND (&) and OR (|) as Logical Operators

public class LogicalOperators {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10, b = 20;

        // Bitwise AND and OR used logically
        if (a < b & b > 0) {
            System.out.println("Both conditions are evaluated and true");
        }

        if (a > b | b > 0) {
            System.out.println("Both conditions are evaluated, and one is true");
        }
    }
}

Output:

Both conditions are evaluated and true  
Both conditions are evaluated, and one is true

Key Points

1. Short-Circuiting with && and ||:
   • && stops evaluating if the first condition is false.
   • || stops evaluating if the first condition is true.
2. Bitwise Operators Used Logically:
   • & and | always evaluate both conditions, regardless of the result.
3. XOR (^):
   • Returns true only if the conditions differ (one is true, the other is false).

These logical operators are fundamental in making decisions in Java programs by combining and evaluating conditions effectively.