Acceleration is calculated using the following formula:
                                      a=
Where:
- is the acceleration.
- Δv is the change in velocity, which is the final velocity () minus the initial velocity ():Δv=vf.
- Δt is the change in time, which is the final time () minus the initial time ():Δt.
In summary:
a=vf​−vi ÷tf​−ti
This formula gives the average acceleration, assuming the velocity change occurs uniformly over the time interval . ​ If the acceleration is not constant, more advanced calculus methods may be needed to calculate it at any given moment.​