In Python, division is performed using two operators: / and //. The / operator performs true division, returning a floating-point result, even if both operands are integers. For example, 5 / 2 results in 2.5. The // operator performs floor division, returning the largest integer less than or equal to the result, effectively discarding the remainder. For example, 5 // 2 results in 2. Both operators allow division of integers, floating-point numbers, and mixed types. Additionally, the behavior of floor division is affected by the sign of the operands, rounding toward negative infinity.