The Caesar Cipher is one of the oldest and simplest encryption techniques in cryptography. It is a type of substitution cipher where each letter in the plaintext is shifted a certain number of positions down or up the alphabet.
For example, with a shift of 3, the letter “A” becomes “D”, “B” becomes “E”, and so on. The key in the Caesar Cipher is the number of positions the letters are shifted.
To decrypt a message, the recipient must know the shift value (key) and reverse the process. While easy to implement, the Caesar Cipher is not secure by modern standards, as there are only 25 possible shifts for the alphabet, making it vulnerable to brute-force attacks.
Despite its simplicity, it laid the foundation for more advanced cryptographic methods and remains a popular educational tool for understanding basic encryption principles
